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Charge pump: Power drive for TFT and LCD
10/6/2024 11:20:32 PM
Charge pumps are important power driving components in TFT and LCD display technologies, capable of boosting the input voltage to a higher level without using external inductors, through their internal circuitry, to meet the needs of display technologies. In the power driving of TFT LCDs, charge pumps are mainly used to generate positive and negative voltages to drive the liquid crystal display module.
The working principle of charge pumps includes charging, disconnecting, boosting/bucketing, and discharging phases. During the charging phase, the capacitor is connected to the input power supply and charged; the disconnecting phase is to prepare for the voltage conversion operation; during the boosting/bucketing phase, the capacitor is reconfigured and connected to different nodes according to the required output voltage; finally, in the discharging phase, the capacitor discharges through the load to provide the required output voltage.
In TFT LCD display technology, charge pumps are typically used to generate VGH (Gate Voltage High) and VGL (Gate Voltage Low), that is, the voltages used to turn TFTs on and off. VGH usually requires a higher voltage, such as around 20V, while VGL requires a negative voltage, such as -5V. These voltages are crucial for controlling the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules, thereby affecting the display effect of pixels.
In addition, the design of charge pumps also involves power management technologies such as boost converters and inverting regulators. For example, TPS65105 is a hybrid DC/DC converter integrated circuit specifically designed for TFT LCD displays, capable of providing three output voltages, including positive and negative voltage outputs, and has a fixed operating frequency as high as 1.6 MHz.
In practical applications, the design of charge pumps needs to consider efficiency, size, cost, and protective functions. For instance, TI's reference design PMP9780 demonstrates how to use TPS65131-Q1 and charge pumps to provide bipolar voltage rail power solutions for TFT LCDs, which features low quiescent current, high load regulation, and automotive qualified components.
Charge pumps play a key role in the power driving of TFT and LCDs, ensuring the high performance and reliability of display technologies through efficient voltage conversion and management.
The working principle of charge pumps includes charging, disconnecting, boosting/bucketing, and discharging phases. During the charging phase, the capacitor is connected to the input power supply and charged; the disconnecting phase is to prepare for the voltage conversion operation; during the boosting/bucketing phase, the capacitor is reconfigured and connected to different nodes according to the required output voltage; finally, in the discharging phase, the capacitor discharges through the load to provide the required output voltage.
In TFT LCD display technology, charge pumps are typically used to generate VGH (Gate Voltage High) and VGL (Gate Voltage Low), that is, the voltages used to turn TFTs on and off. VGH usually requires a higher voltage, such as around 20V, while VGL requires a negative voltage, such as -5V. These voltages are crucial for controlling the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules, thereby affecting the display effect of pixels.
In addition, the design of charge pumps also involves power management technologies such as boost converters and inverting regulators. For example, TPS65105 is a hybrid DC/DC converter integrated circuit specifically designed for TFT LCD displays, capable of providing three output voltages, including positive and negative voltage outputs, and has a fixed operating frequency as high as 1.6 MHz.
In practical applications, the design of charge pumps needs to consider efficiency, size, cost, and protective functions. For instance, TI's reference design PMP9780 demonstrates how to use TPS65131-Q1 and charge pumps to provide bipolar voltage rail power solutions for TFT LCDs, which features low quiescent current, high load regulation, and automotive qualified components.
Charge pumps play a key role in the power driving of TFT and LCDs, ensuring the high performance and reliability of display technologies through efficient voltage conversion and management.
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